# SPEC CPU 2026 Rate 可通过[交互式图表](https://jia.je/benchmark/viewer.html)查看和筛选本文的测试数据。 ## SPEC INT 2026 Rate-1 下面贴出自己测的数据（SPECint2026，Estimated，rate，base，1 copy），不保证满足 SPEC 的要求，仅供参考。 ### 原始数据 #### Debian Forky 服务器平台（LTO + Jemalloc）： - Loongson 3C6000D @ 2.1 GHz LA664（`-O3 -flto -ljemalloc`）: [1.74](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-forky/int2026_rate1/Loongson_3C6000D_O3-flto-ljemalloc_001.txt) 服务器平台（LTO）： - Loongson 3C6000D @ 2.1 GHz LA664（`-O3 -flto`）: [1.66](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-forky/int2026_rate1/Loongson_3C6000D_O3-flto_001.txt) 服务器平台： - Loongson 3C6000D @ 2.1 GHz LA664（`-O3`）: [1.61](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-forky/int2026_rate1/Loongson_3C6000D_O3_001.txt) #### Debian Trixie 桌面平台（`-march=native` + LTO + Jemalloc）： - AMD Ryzen 7 5700X @ 4.65 GHz Zen 3（`-O3 -march=native -flto -ljemalloc`）: [3.97](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/AMD_Ryzen_7_5700X_O3-march%3Dnative-flto-ljemalloc_001.txt) - Apple M1 P-Core @ 3.2 GHz Firestorm（`-O3 -march=native -flto -ljemalloc`）: [4.31](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/Apple_M1_P-Core_O3-march%3Dnative-flto-ljemalloc_001.txt) - Apple M2 P-Core @ 3.5 GHz Avalanche（`-O3 -march=native -flto -ljemalloc`）: [5.20](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/Apple_M2_P-Core_O3-march%3Dnative-flto-ljemalloc_001.txt) - Huawei Kirin X90 VM P-Core @ 2.3 GHz（`-O3 -march=native -flto -ljemalloc`）: [2.82](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/Huawei_Kirin_X90_VM_P-Core_O3-march%3Dnative-flto-ljemalloc_001.txt) - Intel Core i7-13700K P-Core @ 5.4 GHz Raptor Cove（`-O3 -march=native -flto -ljemalloc`）: [5.56](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/Intel_Core_i7-13700K_P-Core_O3-march%3Dnative-flto-ljemalloc_001.txt) - Intel Core i9-12900KS P-Core @ 5.5 GHz Golden Cove（`-O3 -march=native -flto -ljemalloc`）: [5.55](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/Intel_Core_i9-12900KS_P-Core_O3-march%3Dnative-flto-ljemalloc_001.txt) - Intel Core i9-14900K P-Core @ 6.0 GHz Raptor Cove（`-O3 -march=native -flto -ljemalloc`）: [6.26](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/Intel_Core_i9-14900K_P-Core_O3-march%3Dnative-flto-ljemalloc_001.txt) 桌面平台（LTO + Jemalloc）： - AMD Ryzen 7 5700X @ 4.65 GHz Zen 3（`-O3 -flto -ljemalloc`）: [3.87](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/AMD_Ryzen_7_5700X_O3-flto-ljemalloc_001.txt) - Apple M1 P-Core @ 3.2 GHz Firestorm（`-O3 -flto -ljemalloc`）: [4.31](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/Apple_M1_P-Core_O3-flto-ljemalloc_001.txt) - Apple M2 P-Core @ 3.5 GHz Avalanche（`-O3 -flto -ljemalloc`）: [5.10](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/Apple_M2_P-Core_O3-flto-ljemalloc_001.txt) - Huawei Kirin X90 VM P-Core @ 2.3 GHz（`-O3 -flto -ljemalloc`）: [2.80](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/Huawei_Kirin_X90_VM_P-Core_O3-flto-ljemalloc_001.txt) - Intel Core i5-1135G7 @ 4.2 GHz Willow Cove（`-O3 -flto -ljemalloc`）: [3.35](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/Intel_Core_i5-1135G7_O3-flto-ljemalloc_001.txt) - Intel Core i7-13700K P-Core @ 5.4 GHz Raptor Cove（`-O3 -flto -ljemalloc`）: [5.36](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/Intel_Core_i7-13700K_P-Core_O3-flto-ljemalloc_001.txt) - Intel Core i9-10980XE @ 4.7 GHz Cascade Lake（`-O3 -flto -ljemalloc`）: [3.17](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/Intel_Core_i9-10980XE_O3-flto-ljemalloc_001.txt) - Intel Core i9-12900KS E-Core @ 4.1 GHz Gracemont（`-O3 -flto -ljemalloc`）: [2.96](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/Intel_Core_i9-12900KS_E-Core_O3-flto-ljemalloc_001.txt) - Intel Core i9-12900KS P-Core @ 5.5 GHz Golden Cove（`-O3 -flto -ljemalloc`）: [5.37](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/Intel_Core_i9-12900KS_P-Core_O3-flto-ljemalloc_001.txt) - Intel Core i9-14900K E-Core @ 4.4 GHz Gracemont（`-O3 -flto -ljemalloc`）: [3.28](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/Intel_Core_i9-14900K_E-Core_O3-flto-ljemalloc_001.txt) - Intel Core i9-14900K P-Core @ 6.0 GHz Raptor Cove（`-O3 -flto -ljemalloc`）: [6.03](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/Intel_Core_i9-14900K_P-Core_O3-flto-ljemalloc_001.txt) - Intel Xeon w9-3595X @ 4.5 GHz Golden Cove（`-O3 -flto -ljemalloc`）: [4.45](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/Intel_Xeon_w9-3595X_O3-flto-ljemalloc_001.txt) 桌面平台（LTO）： - AMD Ryzen 7 5700X @ 4.65 GHz Zen 3（`-O3 -flto`）: [3.66](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/AMD_Ryzen_7_5700X_O3-flto_001.txt) - Apple M1 P-Core @ 3.2 GHz Firestorm（`-O3 -flto`）: [4.10](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/Apple_M1_P-Core_O3-flto_001.txt) - Apple M2 P-Core @ 3.5 GHz Avalanche（`-O3 -flto`）: [4.91](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/Apple_M2_P-Core_O3-flto_001.txt) - Huawei Kirin X90 VM P-Core @ 2.3 GHz（`-O3 -flto`）: [2.63](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/Huawei_Kirin_X90_VM_P-Core_O3-flto_001.txt) - Intel Core i5-1135G7 @ 4.2 GHz Willow Cove（`-O3 -flto`）: [3.14](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/Intel_Core_i5-1135G7_O3-flto_001.txt) - Intel Core i7-13700K P-Core @ 5.4 GHz Raptor Cove（`-O3 -flto`）: [5.07](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/Intel_Core_i7-13700K_P-Core_O3-flto_001.txt) - Intel Core i9-10980XE @ 4.7 GHz Cascade Lake（`-O3 -flto`）: [2.97](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/Intel_Core_i9-10980XE_O3-flto_001.txt) - Intel Core i9-12900KS E-Core @ 4.1 GHz Gracemont（`-O3 -flto`）: [2.78](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/Intel_Core_i9-12900KS_E-Core_O3-flto_001.txt) - Intel Core i9-12900KS P-Core @ 5.5 GHz Golden Cove（`-O3 -flto`）: [5.05](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/Intel_Core_i9-12900KS_P-Core_O3-flto_001.txt) - Intel Core i9-14900K E-Core @ 4.4 GHz Gracemont（`-O3 -flto`）: [3.10](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/Intel_Core_i9-14900K_E-Core_O3-flto_001.txt) - Intel Core i9-14900K P-Core @ 6.0 GHz Raptor Cove（`-O3 -flto`）: [5.71](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/Intel_Core_i9-14900K_P-Core_O3-flto_001.txt) - Intel Xeon w9-3595X @ 4.5 GHz Golden Cove（`-O3 -flto`）: [4.17](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/Intel_Xeon_w9-3595X_O3-flto_001.txt) 桌面平台： - AMD Ryzen 7 5700X @ 4.65 GHz Zen 3（`-O3`）: [3.53](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/AMD_Ryzen_7_5700X_O3_001.txt) - Apple M1 P-Core @ 3.2 GHz Firestorm（`-O3`）: [4.02](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/Apple_M1_P-Core_O3_001.txt) - Apple M2 P-Core @ 3.5 GHz Avalanche（`-O3`）: [4.76](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/Apple_M2_P-Core_O3_001.txt) - Huawei Kirin X90 VM P-Core @ 2.3 GHz（`-O3`）: [2.54](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/Huawei_Kirin_X90_VM_P-Core_O3_001.txt) - Intel Core i5-1135G7 @ 4.2 GHz Willow Cove（`-O3`）: [3.08](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/Intel_Core_i5-1135G7_O3_001.txt) - Intel Core i7-13700K P-Core @ 5.4 GHz Raptor Cove（`-O3`）: [4.96](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/Intel_Core_i7-13700K_P-Core_O3_001.txt) - Intel Core i9-10980XE @ 4.7 GHz Cascade Lake（`-O3`）: [2.90](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/Intel_Core_i9-10980XE_O3_001.txt) - Intel Core i9-12900KS E-Core @ 4.1 GHz Gracemont（`-O3`）: [2.73](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/Intel_Core_i9-12900KS_E-Core_O3_001.txt) - Intel Core i9-12900KS P-Core @ 5.5 GHz Golden Cove（`-O3`）: [4.94](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/Intel_Core_i9-12900KS_P-Core_O3_001.txt) - Intel Core i9-14900K E-Core @ 4.4 GHz Gracemont（`-O3`）: [3.05](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/Intel_Core_i9-14900K_E-Core_O3_001.txt) - Intel Core i9-14900K P-Core @ 6.0 GHz Raptor Cove（`-O3`）: [5.59](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/Intel_Core_i9-14900K_P-Core_O3_001.txt) - Intel Xeon w9-3595X @ 4.5 GHz Golden Cove（`-O3`）: [4.09](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/Intel_Xeon_w9-3595X_O3_001.txt) 服务器平台（`-march=native` + LTO + Jemalloc）： - AMD EPYC 7551 @ 2.5 GHz Zen 1（`-O3 -march=native -flto -ljemalloc`）: [1.52](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/AMD_EPYC_7551_O3-march%3Dnative-flto-ljemalloc_001.txt) - AWS Graviton 5 @ 3.3 GHz Neoverse V3（`-O3 -march=native -flto -ljemalloc`）: [4.67](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/AWS_Graviton_5_O3-march%3Dnative-flto-ljemalloc_001.txt) - Intel Xeon E5-2680 v4 @ 3.3 GHz Broadwell（`-O3 -march=native -flto -ljemalloc`）: [2.17](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/Intel_Xeon_E5-2680_v4_O3-march%3Dnative-flto-ljemalloc_001.txt) - Kunpeng 920 @ 2.6 GHz TaiShan V110（`-O3 -march=native -flto -ljemalloc`）: [1.59](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/Kunpeng_920_O3-march%3Dnative-flto-ljemalloc_001.txt) - Kunpeng 920 HuaweiCloud kc2 @ 2.9 GHz（`-O3 -march=native -flto -ljemalloc`）: [2.68](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/Kunpeng_920_HuaweiCloud_kc2_O3-march%3Dnative-flto-ljemalloc_001.txt) 服务器平台（LTO + Jemalloc）： - AMD EPYC 7551 @ 2.5 GHz Zen 1（`-O3 -flto -ljemalloc`）: [1.50](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/AMD_EPYC_7551_O3-flto-ljemalloc_001.txt) - AWS Graviton 5 @ 3.3 GHz Neoverse V3（`-O3 -flto -ljemalloc`）: [4.56](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/AWS_Graviton_5_O3-flto-ljemalloc_001.txt) - Intel Xeon E5-2680 v4 @ 3.3 GHz Broadwell（`-O3 -flto -ljemalloc`）: [2.14](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/Intel_Xeon_E5-2680_v4_O3-flto-ljemalloc_001.txt) - Kunpeng 920 @ 2.6 GHz TaiShan V110（`-O3 -flto -ljemalloc`）: [1.59](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/Kunpeng_920_O3-flto-ljemalloc_001.txt) - Kunpeng 920 HuaweiCloud kc2 @ 2.9 GHz（`-O3 -flto -ljemalloc`）: [2.65](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/Kunpeng_920_HuaweiCloud_kc2_O3-flto-ljemalloc_001.txt) 服务器平台（LTO）： - AMD EPYC 7551 @ 2.5 GHz Zen 1（`-O3 -flto`）: [1.42](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/AMD_EPYC_7551_O3-flto_001.txt) - AWS Graviton 5 @ 3.3 GHz Neoverse V3（`-O3 -flto`）: [4.27](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/AWS_Graviton_5_O3-flto_001.txt) - Intel Xeon E5-2680 v4 @ 3.3 GHz Broadwell（`-O3 -flto`）: [2.06](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/Intel_Xeon_E5-2680_v4_O3-flto_001.txt) - Kunpeng 920 @ 2.6 GHz TaiShan V110（`-O3 -flto`）: [1.51](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/Kunpeng_920_O3-flto_001.txt) - Kunpeng 920 HuaweiCloud kc2 @ 2.9 GHz（`-O3 -flto`）: [2.51](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/Kunpeng_920_HuaweiCloud_kc2_O3-flto_001.txt) 服务器平台： - AMD EPYC 7551 @ 2.5 GHz Zen 1（`-O3`）: [1.37](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/AMD_EPYC_7551_O3_001.txt) - AWS Graviton 5 @ 3.3 GHz Neoverse V3（`-O3`）: [4.21](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/AWS_Graviton_5_O3_001.txt) - Intel Xeon E5-2680 v4 @ 3.3 GHz Broadwell（`-O3`）: [2.01](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/Intel_Xeon_E5-2680_v4_O3_001.txt) - Kunpeng 920 @ 2.6 GHz TaiShan V110（`-O3`）: [1.46](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/Kunpeng_920_O3_001.txt) - Kunpeng 920 HuaweiCloud kc2 @ 2.9 GHz（`-O3`）: [2.42](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/int2026_rate1/Kunpeng_920_HuaweiCloud_kc2_O3_001.txt) #### 备注 1. 对于除了苹果以外的 ARM64 核心，内核的 branch-misses 计数器考虑了 speculative 而不只是 retired，因此数字会偏高，此时要用 r22 计数替代。 ### 分支预测器比较 #### Debian Trixie x86 平台的分支预测准确率（Average）由高到低（`-O3`）： 1. Golden Cove(Intel 12900KS P-Core)/Raptor Cove(Intel 13700K P-Core/Intel 14900K P-Core): MPKI=2.13 1. Gracemont(Intel 12900KS E-Core/Intel 14900K E-Core): MPKI=2.44 1. Cascade Lake(Intel 10980XE): MPKI=2.70 1. Broadwell(Intel E5-2680 v4): MPKI=2.94 1. Zen 1(AMD 7551): MPKI=3.73 ARM64 平台的分支预测准确率（Average）由高到低（`-O3`）： 1. Neoverse V3(AWS Graviton 5): MPKI=1.83 1. Avalanche(Apple M2 P-Core): MPKI=2.04 1. Firestorm(Apple M1 P-Core): MPKI=2.80 1. TSV110(Hisilicon Kunpeng 920): MPKI=4.07 ### 网上的数据 来自 SPEC 官网： | Machine | Score | Compilation Flags | | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | [Ampere eMAG 8180](https://www.spec.org/cpu2026/results/res2026q2/cpu2026-20260210-00003.html) | 1.00 | -O3 -ffast-math -mcpu=native -flto=16 -ljemalloc | | [AMD Ryzen AI 9 HX 370](https://www.spec.org/cpu2026/results/res2026q2/cpu2026-20260210-00018.html) | 5.00 | -O3 -ffast-math -march=native -flto=full | | [NVIDIA GB10](https://www.spec.org/cpu2026/results/res2026q2/cpu2026-20260210-00020.html) | 5.97 | -fuse-ld=lld -O3 -ffast-math -mcpu=native -flto=thin -fomit-frame-pointer | | [Apple M5 Pro](https://www.spec.org/cpu2026/results/res2026q2/cpu2026-20260422-00243.html) | 7.64 | -O3 | 另见 [David Huang](https://benchview.hjc.im)、[Chips and Cheese](https://chipsandcheese.com/p/evaluating-spec-cpu2026)。 ### 多版本 GCC 和 LLVM 性能比较 在 Intel i9-12900KS @ 5.5 GHz 上用 -O3 测试几种编译器组合的 SPEC INT 2026 Rate-1 性能： | Benchmark | GCC 16 | GCC 15 | GCC 14 | LLVM 22 | LLVM 21 | LLVM 20 | LLVM 19 | | ---------------- | -------- | -------- | ------ | -------- | ------- | ------- | ------- | | 706.stockfish_r | 8.37 | **8.45** | 6.13 | 6.12 | 6.11 | 6.07 | 5.82 | | 707.ntest_r | 4.37 | 4.38 | 4.03 | **4.52** | 4.49 | 4.49 | 4.49 | | 708.sqlite_r | **4.53** | 4.35 | 4.52 | 4.33 | 4.26 | 4.30 | 4.18 | | 710.omnetpp_r | **5.47** | 5.43 | 5.34 | 4.98 | 4.99 | 4.97 | 4.96 | | 714.cpython_r | 6.53 | **6.62** | 6.40 | 5.74 | 5.78 | 5.72 | 5.72 | | 721.gcc_r | **5.53** | 5.52 | 5.43 | 5.31 | 5.30 | 5.28 | 5.28 | | 723.llvm_r | **4.18** | 4.14 | 4.09 | 4.05 | 4.05 | 4.03 | 4.01 | | 727.cppcheck_r | 3.80 | **3.93** | 3.83 | 3.78 | 3.90 | 3.89 | 3.71 | | 729.abc_r | 4.54 | **4.57** | 4.51 | 4.45 | 4.43 | 4.41 | 4.40 | | 734.vpr_r | **5.02** | 5.01 | 4.90 | 4.85 | 4.86 | 4.83 | 4.71 | | 735.gem5_r | **5.52** | 5.33 | 5.24 | 5.27 | 5.25 | 5.14 | 5.18 | | 750.sealcrypto_r | 4.86 | 4.88 | 4.82 | **10.2** | 4.99 | 4.98 | 4.93 | | 753.ns3_r | 6.56 | **6.59** | 6.38 | 6.30 | 6.36 | 6.30 | 6.25 | | 777.zstd_r | **4.69** | 4.42 | 4.41 | 4.30 | 4.27 | 4.29 | 4.26 | | geomean | **5.17** | 5.14 | 4.94 | 5.13 | 4.88 | 4.86 | 4.80 | 完整数据： - [GCC 14.2.0](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/others/SPEC_INT_2026_Intel_i9-12900KS_O3_GCC_14.txt) - [GCC 15.2.0](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/others/SPEC_INT_2026_Intel_i9-12900KS_O3_GCC_15.txt) - [GCC 16.1.0](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/others/SPEC_INT_2026_Intel_i9-12900KS_O3_GCC_16.txt) - [LLVM 19.1.7](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/others/SPEC_INT_2026_Intel_i9-12900KS_O3_LLVM_19.txt) - [LLVM 20.1.8](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/others/SPEC_INT_2026_Intel_i9-12900KS_O3_LLVM_20.txt) - [LLVM 21.1.8](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/others/SPEC_INT_2026_Intel_i9-12900KS_O3_LLVM_21.txt) - [LLVM 22.1.6](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/others/SPEC_INT_2026_Intel_i9-12900KS_O3_LLVM_22.txt) ## SPEC FP 2026 Rate-1 下面贴出自己测的数据（SPECfp2026，Estimated，rate，base，1 copy），不保证满足 SPEC 的要求，仅供参考。 ### 原始数据 #### Debian Trixie 桌面平台（`-march=native`）： - Apple M1 P-Core @ 3.2 GHz Firestorm（`-O3 -march=native`）: [5.97](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/fp2026_rate1/Apple_M1_P-Core_O3-march%3Dnative_001.txt) - Apple M2 P-Core @ 3.5 GHz Avalanche（`-O3 -march=native`）: [6.73](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/fp2026_rate1/Apple_M2_P-Core_O3-march%3Dnative_001.txt) - Huawei Kirin X90 VM P-Core @ 2.3 GHz（`-O3 -march=native`）: [3.95](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/fp2026_rate1/Huawei_Kirin_X90_VM_P-Core_O3-march%3Dnative_001.txt) - Intel Core i5-1135G7 @ 4.2 GHz Willow Cove（`-O3 -march=native`）: [5.22](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/fp2026_rate1/Intel_Core_i5-1135G7_O3-march%3Dnative_001.txt) - Intel Core i7-13700K P-Core @ 5.4 GHz Raptor Cove（`-O3 -march=native`）: [7.96](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/fp2026_rate1/Intel_Core_i7-13700K_P-Core_O3-march%3Dnative_001.txt) - Intel Core i9-10980XE @ 4.7 GHz (AVX-512 @ 4.0 GHz) Cascade Lake（`-O3 -march=native`）: [4.22](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/fp2026_rate1/Intel_Core_i9-10980XE_O3-march%3Dnative_001.txt) - Intel Core i9-12900KS E-Core @ 4.1 GHz Gracemont（`-O3 -march=native`）: [3.97](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/fp2026_rate1/Intel_Core_i9-12900KS_E-Core_O3-march%3Dnative_001.txt) - Intel Core i9-12900KS P-Core @ 5.5 GHz Golden Cove（`-O3 -march=native`）: [8.09](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/fp2026_rate1/Intel_Core_i9-12900KS_P-Core_O3-march%3Dnative_001.txt) - Intel Core i9-14900K E-Core @ 4.4 GHz Gracemont（`-O3 -march=native`）: [4.19](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/fp2026_rate1/Intel_Core_i9-14900K_E-Core_O3-march%3Dnative_001.txt) - Intel Core i9-14900K P-Core @ 6.0 GHz Raptor Cove（`-O3 -march=native`）: [9.36](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/fp2026_rate1/Intel_Core_i9-14900K_P-Core_O3-march%3Dnative_001.txt) - Intel Xeon w9-3595X @ 4.5 GHz Golden Cove（`-O3 -march=native`）: [6.34](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/fp2026_rate1/Intel_Xeon_w9-3595X_O3-march%3Dnative_001.txt) 桌面平台： - Apple M1 P-Core @ 3.2 GHz Firestorm（`-O3`）: [5.80](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/fp2026_rate1/Apple_M1_P-Core_O3_001.txt) - Apple M2 P-Core @ 3.5 GHz Avalanche（`-O3`）: [6.38](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/fp2026_rate1/Apple_M2_P-Core_O3_001.txt) - Huawei Kirin X90 VM P-Core @ 2.3 GHz（`-O3`）: [3.76](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/fp2026_rate1/Huawei_Kirin_X90_VM_P-Core_O3_001.txt) - Intel Core i5-1135G7 @ 4.2 GHz Willow Cove（`-O3`）: [4.11](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/fp2026_rate1/Intel_Core_i5-1135G7_O3_001.txt) - Intel Core i7-13700K P-Core @ 5.4 GHz Raptor Cove（`-O3`）: [6.32](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/fp2026_rate1/Intel_Core_i7-13700K_P-Core_O3_001.txt) - Intel Core i9-10980XE @ 4.7 GHz Cascade Lake（`-O3`）: [3.55](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/fp2026_rate1/Intel_Core_i9-10980XE_O3_001.txt) - Intel Core i9-12900KS E-Core @ 4.1 GHz Gracemont（`-O3`）: [3.46](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/fp2026_rate1/Intel_Core_i9-12900KS_E-Core_O3_001.txt) - Intel Core i9-12900KS P-Core @ 5.5 GHz Golden Cove（`-O3`）: [6.56](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/fp2026_rate1/Intel_Core_i9-12900KS_P-Core_O3_001.txt) - Intel Core i9-14900K E-Core @ 4.4 GHz Gracemont（`-O3`）: [3.66](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/fp2026_rate1/Intel_Core_i9-14900K_E-Core_O3_001.txt) - Intel Core i9-14900K P-Core @ 6.0 GHz Raptor Cove（`-O3`）: [7.44](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/fp2026_rate1/Intel_Core_i9-14900K_P-Core_O3_001.txt) - Intel Xeon w9-3595X @ 4.5 GHz Golden Cove（`-O3`）: [5.01](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/fp2026_rate1/Intel_Xeon_w9-3595X_O3_001.txt) 服务器平台（`-march=native`）： - AMD EPYC 7551 @ 2.5 GHz Zen 1（`-O3 -march=native`）: [2.04](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/fp2026_rate1/AMD_EPYC_7551_O3-march%3Dnative_001.txt) - AWS Graviton 5 @ 3.3 GHz Neoverse V3（`-O3 -march=native`）: [6.10](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/fp2026_rate1/AWS_Graviton_5_O3-march%3Dnative_001.txt) - Intel Xeon E5-2680 v4 @ 3.3 GHz Broadwell（`-O3 -march=native`）: [2.74](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/fp2026_rate1/Intel_Xeon_E5-2680_v4_O3-march%3Dnative_001.txt) - Kunpeng 920 @ 2.6 GHz TaiShan V110（`-O3 -march=native`）: [1.62](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/fp2026_rate1/Kunpeng_920_O3-march%3Dnative_001.txt) - Kunpeng 920 HuaweiCloud kc2 @ 2.9 GHz（`-O3 -march=native`）: [3.69](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/fp2026_rate1/Kunpeng_920_HuaweiCloud_kc2_O3-march%3Dnative_001.txt) 服务器平台： - AMD EPYC 7551 @ 2.5 GHz Zen 1（`-O3`）: [1.86](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/fp2026_rate1/AMD_EPYC_7551_O3_001.txt) - AWS Graviton 5 @ 3.3 GHz Neoverse V3（`-O3`）: [5.67](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/fp2026_rate1/AWS_Graviton_5_O3_001.txt) - Intel Xeon E5-2680 v4 @ 3.3 GHz Broadwell（`-O3`）: [2.43](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/fp2026_rate1/Intel_Xeon_E5-2680_v4_O3_001.txt) - Kunpeng 920 @ 2.6 GHz TaiShan V110（`-O3`）: [1.54](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/fp2026_rate1/Kunpeng_920_O3_001.txt) - Kunpeng 920 HuaweiCloud kc2 @ 2.9 GHz（`-O3`）: [3.78](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/fp2026_rate1/Kunpeng_920_HuaweiCloud_kc2_O3_001.txt) #### 备注 1. 对于除了苹果以外的 ARM64 核心，内核的 branch-misses 计数器考虑了 speculative 而不只是 retired，因此数字会偏高，此时要用 r22 计数替代。 ### 网上的数据 来自 SPEC 官网： | Machine | Score | Compilation Flags | | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | [Ampere eMAG 8180](https://www.spec.org/cpu2026/results/res2026q2/cpu2026-20260210-00001.html) | 1.00 | -O3 -ffast-math -mcpu=native -flto=16 -ljemalloc | | [AMD Ryzen AI 9 HX 370](https://www.spec.org/cpu2026/results/res2026q2/cpu2026-20260210-00017.html) | 8.59 | -O3 -ffast-math -march=native -flto=full | | [NVIDIA GB10](https://www.spec.org/cpu2026/results/res2026q2/cpu2026-20260210-00019.html) | 9.70 | -fuse-ld=lld -O3 -ffast-math -mcpu=native -flto=thin -fomit-frame-pointer | | [Apple M5 Pro](https://www.spec.org/cpu2026/results/res2026q2/cpu2026-20260422-00245.html) | 10.9 | -O3 | 另见 [David Huang](https://benchview.hjc.im)、[Chips and Cheese](https://chipsandcheese.com/p/evaluating-spec-cpu2026)。 ### 多版本 GCC 和 LLVM 性能比较 在 Intel i9-12900KS @ 5.5 GHz 上用 -O3 测试几种编译器组合的 SPEC FP 2026 Rate-1 性能： | Benchmark | GCC 16 | GCC 15 | GCC 14 | LLVM 22 | LLVM 21 | LLVM 20 | | --------------- | -------- | -------- | ------ | -------- | -------- | -------- | | 709.cactus_r | 6.77 | 7.52 | 7.62 | 8.28 | **8.29** | 8.16 | | 722.palm_r | 7.79 | 7.81 | 7.88 | **9.20** | 9.00 | 8.44 | | 731.astcenc_r | 4.77 | 4.76 | 4.60 | 5.96 | 5.84 | **6.16** | | 736.ocio_r | 6.20 | 6.25 | 6.26 | 6.81 | **6.87** | 6.84 | | 737.gmsh_r | **4.55** | 4.53 | 4.50 | 4.40 | 4.38 | 4.40 | | 748.flightdm_r | **7.76** | 7.54 | 7.42 | 7.05 | 7.09 | 7.11 | | 749.fotonik3d_r | 6.81 | 6.82 | 6.82 | 6.93 | **6.99** | 6.76 | | 765.roms_r | 7.50 | 7.39 | 7.40 | **7.52** | 7.51 | 7.38 | | 766.femflow_r | 9.92 | 7.97 | 8.16 | **12.1** | **12.1** | **12.1** | | 767.nest_r | 7.17 | **8.60** | 8.50 | 8.15 | 8.18 | 8.15 | | 772.marian_r | **10.3** | **10.3** | 6.58 | 4.78 | 4.78 | 4.78 | | 782.lbm_r | **4.81** | **4.81** | 4.80 | 4.49 | 4.49 | 4.47 | | geomean | 6.81 | **6.83** | 6.56 | 6.84 | **6.83** | 6.79 | 完整数据： - [GCC 14.2.0](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/others/SPEC_FP_2026_Intel_i9-12900KS_O3_GCC_14.txt) - [GCC 15.2.0](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/others/SPEC_FP_2026_Intel_i9-12900KS_O3_GCC_15.txt) - [GCC 16.1.0](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/others/SPEC_FP_2026_Intel_i9-12900KS_O3_GCC_16.txt) - [LLVM 20.1.8](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/others/SPEC_FP_2026_Intel_i9-12900KS_O3_LLVM_20.txt) - [LLVM 21.1.8](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/others/SPEC_FP_2026_Intel_i9-12900KS_O3_LLVM_21.txt) - [LLVM 22.1.6](https://jia.je/benchmark/data-trixie/others/SPEC_FP_2026_Intel_i9-12900KS_O3_LLVM_22.txt)