# 常用交换机命令 ## 背景 最近接触了 Cisco，DELL，Huawei，H3C，Ruijie 的网络设备，发现配置方式各有不同，故记录一下各个厂家的命令。 ## Huawei 测试型号：S5320 ### 保存配置 ```text save The current configuration will be written to flash:/vrpcfg.zip. Are you sure to continue?[Y/N]y Now saving the current configuration to the slot 0.... Save the configuration successfully. ``` ### 进入配置模式 ```text system-view ``` ### 查看当前配置 ```text [HUAWEI] display current-configuration ``` ### 查看 LLDP 邻居 ```text [HUAWEI]display lldp neighbor brief ``` ### 查看 CDP 邻居 ```text [HUAWEI]display cdp neighbor brief ``` ### 启用 LLDP ```text [HUAWEI]lldp enable ``` ### 启用 CDP ```text [HUAWEI-XGigabitEthernet0/0/1]lldp compliance cdp txrx ``` ### 启用只读 SNMPv1 community ```text [HUAWEI]snmp-agent sys-info version all Warning: This command may cause confliction in netconf status. Continue? [Y/N]:y Warning: SNMPv1/SNMPv2c is not secure, and it is recommended to use SNMPv3. [HUAWEI]snmp-agent community read [COMMUNITY NAME] Warning: This command may cause confliction in netconf status. Continue? [Y/N]:y ``` ### 启用 SNMP iso view 默认情况下 SNMP 会缺少一些标准的 MIB（比如 LLDP），可以打开 iso view： ```text [HUAWEI]snmp-agent mib-view included iso-view iso Warning: This command may cause confliction in netconf status. Continue? [Y/N]:y [HUAWEI]snmp-agent community read [COMMUNITY NAME] mib-view iso-view ``` ### 查看 ARP 表 ```text [HUAWEI]display arp ``` ### ARPING ```text [HUAWEI]arp send-packet X.X.X.X ffff-ffff-ffff interface Vlanif VLAN ``` ### 启用 STP 协议 ```text [HUAWEI]stp enable [HUAWEI]stp mode vbst ``` ### 设置 NTP 服务器 ```text [HUAWEI]ntp-service unicast-server x.x.x.x ``` ### 设置远程 syslog 服务器 ```text [HUAWEI]info-center loghost x.x.x.x ``` ### 设置 LACP 链路聚合 ```text [HUAWEI-XGigabitEthernet0/0/1]eth-trunk 1 [HUAWEI-XGigabitEthernet0/0/2]eth-trunk 1 [HUAWEI]interface Eth-Trunk 1 [HUAWEI-Eth-Trunk1]mode lacp ``` ## DELL 测试型号：N3048 ### 保存配置 ```text console#copy running-config startup-config This operation may take few minutes. Management interfaces will not be available during this time. Are you sure you want to save? (y/n) y Configuration Saved! ``` ### 进入配置模式 ```text console>enable console# configure ``` ### 查看当前配置 ```text console# show running-config ``` ### 查看 LLDP 邻居 ```text console#show lldp remote-device all ``` ### VLAN Trunk 配置 ```text console(config)#interface Gi1/0/1 console(config-if-Gi1/0/1)#switchport mode trunk console(config-if-Gi1/0/1)#switchport trunk allowed vlan xxx,xxx-xxx ``` ### VLAN Access 配置 ```text console(config)#interface Gi1/0/1 console(config-if-Gi1/0/1)#switchport mode access console(config-if-Gi1/0/1)#switchport access vlan xxx ``` ### 查看 VLAN 配置 ```text console#show vlan ``` ### 批量配置 interface ```text console(config)#interface range Gi1/0/1-4 ``` ### 启用 SSH 服务器 ```text console(config)#crypto key generate rsa console(config)#crypto key generate dsa console(config)#ip ssh server ``` ### 启用 CDP(DELL 称之为 ISDP) ```text console(config)#isdp enable ``` ### 启用只读 SNMPv1 community ```text console(config)#snmp-server community [COMMUNITY NAME] ro ``` ### 设置 NTP 服务器 ```text console(config)#sntp unicast client enable console(config)#sntp server x.x.x.x ``` ### 设置 NTP 服务器 ```text console(config)#sntp unicast client enable console(config)#sntp server x.x.x.x ``` ### 设置 STP 协议 ```text console(config)#spanning-tree mode rapid-pvst ``` ## H3C ### 进入配置模式 ```text system-view System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z. [switch] ``` ### 查看当前配置 ```text [switch]display current-configuration ``` ### 查看 lldp 邻居 ```text [switch]display lldp neighbor-information ``` ### 保存配置 ```text [switch]save The current configuration will be written to the device. Are you sure? [Y/N]:y Please input the file name(*.cfg)[flash:/startup.cfg] (To leave the existing filename unchanged, press the enter key):y The file name is invalid(does not end with .cfg). ``` ### 批量配置 interface ```text [switch]interface range GigabitEthernet 1/0/1 to GigabitEthernet 1/0/24 [switch-if-range] ``` ### 查看 MAC 地址表 ```text [switch]show mac-address ``` ### 打开 LLDP 和 CDP ```text [switch]lldp global enable [switch]lldp compliance cdp ``` ### 升级固件 ```text tftp 1.2.3.4 get SWITCH_FIRMWARE.ipe boot-loader file flash:/SWITCH_FIRMWARE.ipe all main show boot save reboot ``` ### 配置 NTP ```text [switch] ntp enable [switch] ntp unicast-server 1.2.3.4 ``` ### 配置远程日志 ```text [switch] logging loghost 1.2.3.4 ``` ## Mellanox ### 进入配置模式 ```text switch > enable switch # configure terminal switch (config) # ``` ### 查看当前配置 ```text switch (config) # show running-config ``` ### 查看 interface 状态 ```text switch (config) # show interfaces brief ``` ### 查看以太网端口状态 ```text switch (config) # show interfaces ethernet status ``` ### 查看 lldp 邻居 ```text switch (config) # show lldp remote ``` ### 保存配置 ```text switch (config) # configuration write ``` ### 批量配置 interface ```text switch (config) # interface ethernet 1/1/1-1/1/4 switch (config interface ethernet 1/1/1-1/1/4) # ``` ### 查看 MAC 地址表 ```text switch (config) # show mac-address-table ``` ### 查看链路聚合状态 ```text switch (config) # show interfaces port-channel summary ``` ### 把拆分的四个 SFP 口恢复成一个 ```text switch (config interface ethernet 1/1/1) # module-type qsfp ``` ### 把一个 QSFP 口拆分成四个 ```text switch (config interface ethernet 1/1) # shutdown switch (config interface ethernet 1/1) # module-type qsfp-split-4 ``` ### 设置链路聚合 ```text switch (config interface ethernet 1/1) # channel-group 1 mode active switch (config interface ethernet 1/2) # channel-group 1 mode active ``` 模式可以选择：active(LACP)/passive(LACP)/on(Static) ### 设置 STP 协议 ```text switch (config) # spanning-tree mode rpvst ``` ### 设置远程 syslog 服务器 ```text switch (config) # logging x.x.x.x ``` ### 设置 NTP 服务器 ```text switch (config) # ntp server x.x.x.x ``` ## Cisco ### 设置 NTP 服务器 ```text # ntp server x.x.x.x ``` ### 配置 Trunk ```text # config terminal (config)# interface ethernet 1/1 (config-if)# switchport mode trunk (config-if)# switchport trunk allowed vlan 12-34 ``` ### 配置 Access ```text # config terminal (config)# interface ethernet 1/1 (config-if)# switchport mode access (config-if)# switchport access vlan 1234 ```